Often forms loose clusters of irregularly branched, rounded, hollow podetia in moorland, often on boggy areas

References: 
Smith, C.W. et al. editors (2009) The Lichens of Great Britain and Irelandd
Dobson, F.S. (2018) Lichens: an Illustrated Guide to the British and Irish Species
Ahti, Stenroos & Moberg. editors (2013) Nordic Lichen Flora. Volume 5 Cladoniaceae